- I-EPREL iyisizindalwazi esisemthethweni se-EU lapho yonke imikhiqizo yelebula yamandla ibhaliswe khona ngaphambi kokuba ithengiswe emakethe yaseYurophu.
- Amalebula amasha wamandla anesilinganiso se-A-G, ama-pictogram kanye nekhodi ye-QR akuvumela ukuthi uqhathanise ukusetshenziswa futhi ufinyelele ulwazi oluningiliziwe lobuchwepheshe ku-EPREL.
- Abakhiqizi, abangenisi, kanye nabameleli kumele baqinisekise ubuwena babo ngesitifiketi sophawu lwe-elekthronikhi esisekelwe ku-NTR esifanelekile ukuze basebenze ku-EPREL.
- Lolu hlelo luqinisa ukucaca kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla, luqhuba izinto ezintsha ezifana nezibuko ze-LED ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kanye namathuluzi okulebula ahlakaniphile.
Uma usebenza emkhakheni we-elekthronikhi noma uthengisa izinto zasekhaya e-European Union, igama elithi EPREL lizozwakala lijwayelekile. Akuyona into edlulayo, kodwa kunalokho uhlelo olusemthethweni olusetshenziswa yiKhomishini yaseYurophu ukurekhoda nokubonisa ulwazi lwamandla lwemikhiqizo ezithengiswa emakethe yaseYurophu. Futhi njengomthengi, noma ungakuboni ngqo, kuyakuthinta njalo uma ukhetha umshini wokuwasha, i-TV, noma ngisho nesibuko se-LED.
Emigqeni elandelayo uzothola i- Incwadi yemiyalelo esebenzayo nephelele yohlelo lwe-EPREL, eqondiswe kubathengi kanye nezinkampani ze-elekthronikhi.Kuyini, isebenza kanjani i-database, iyiphi indima edlalwa amalebula amandla, yiziphi izibopho abakhiqizi nabangenisi abanazo, yini isitifiketi esidumile se-EPREL emhlabeni, futhi kungani konke manje kuzungeza ikhodi ye-NTR kanye nophawu lwe-elekthronikhi olufanelekile? Ake siqale ibhizinisi.
Iyini i-EPREL futhi kungani ikhona?
I-EPREL imele igama elithi Irejista Yomkhiqizo YaseYurophu Yokulebula Amandlanoma, ngamanye amazwi, iRejista YaseYurophu Yemikhiqizo Yokumaka Amandla. Kuyi- isizindalwazi esiphakathi esigcinwa yiKhomishini yaseYurophulapho abaphakeli (abakhiqizi, abangenisi noma abameleli abagunyaziwe) kudingeka babhalise amamodeli omkhiqizo anelebula lamandla.
Isisekelo esisemthethweni salolu hlelo siku- Umthethonqubo (EU) 2017/1369okuphoqelela ukuthi ulwazi ngemikhiqizo enelebula lamandla lulayishwe kudathabheyisi efinyeleleka kuziphathimandla, futhi, ngezinga elikhulu, emphakathini. I-EPREL isivele itholakala ku- Izilimi ezisemthethweni ezingama-24 ze-EU futhi sekuyindlela yokuhlola idatha yobuchwepheshe, izigaba zamandla kanye nemibhalo yokuhambisana.
Kusuka ku UJanuwari 1 we-2019 Abaphakeli abafisa ukuthengisa e-EU, i-EEA (eNorway, e-Iceland naseLiechtenstein) kanye, ngaphansi kweNorthern Ireland Protocol, nayo eNorthern Ireland, kumele Bhalisa imikhiqizo yakho ne-EPREL ngaphambi kokuyifaka emaketheNgaphandle kwalokho kubhaliswa, akukho ilebula lamandla elisebenzayo futhi, empeleni, umkhiqizo akufanele uthengiswe.
Indlela i-EPREL esiza ngayo umthengi
I-EPREL akuyona nje isibopho sehhovisi lezinkampani; futhi iyithuluzi elibalulekile labathengi. Ngalesi sithangami, abasebenzisi bangakwazi bheka amaphepha olwazi kanye namalebula wamandla yezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zemikhiqizo ehlobene namandla.
Ulwazi luhlelwe yi- amaqembu omkhiqizo (isibonelo, imishini yokuwasha, iziqandisi, izibonisi zikagesi, imithombo yokukhanya, njll.). Uhlelo luvumela izihlungi ukuthi zisetshenziswe ngokwezici ezithile zesigaba ngasinye: isigaba samandla, Izinga lomsindo, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, Ubude bomjikelezo we-Eco, umthamo womthwalo, ubuchwepheshe obusetshenzisiwe, ubukhulu, ukulungiswa kwesikrini kanye nobude obude njll.
Ukufinyelela idatha kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziwusizo kakhulu: ngokufaka ngqo izici zemishini noma, okulula kakhulu kulezi zinsuku, ukuskena ikhodi ye-QR kulebula yamandlaLeyo khodi ye-QR ixhumeka ephepheni ledatha le-EPREL lomkhiqizo, lapho umthengi angabuyekeza khona ulwazi olunemininingwane eminingi kunokulingana nesitika esibonakalayo.
Ukulebula amandla: kusukela ku-A+++ kuya esikalini esisha se-AG
Ilebula lamandla laseYurophu libe nathi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi 1994Futhi kube yisihluthulelo ekuqondiseni abathengi emikhiqizweni esebenza kahle kakhulu. Sekuyiminyaka eminingi kusetshenziswa izikali ezifana ne-A+, A++, kanye ne-A+++, kodwa ngenxa yentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, zaba zincane kakhulu: imikhiqizo eminingi kakhulu yayigxile ezigabeni eziphakeme, futhi ukulebula kwakungacaci.
Ngezinguquko zakamuva, i-EU iphinde yaqalisa ukusebenza isikali esilula kusuka ku-A kuya ku-G kwemindeni eminingi yemikhiqizo. Amakilasi ahambisana, njengenjwayelo, ne- ukuhlukaniswa kombala kusukela koluhlaza okotshani okumnyama (A, okusebenza kahle kakhulu) kuya kokubomvu (G, okungasebenzi kahle)Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuqhathanisa ngokushesha izinto zikagesi zohlobo olufanayo ngokusekelwe ekusebenziseni kwazo amandla.
Kusukela ngo-2021, lesi sikali esisha se-AG esingenazo izimpawu "+" sisetshenziswe, phakathi kwezinye, ku: iziqandisi zasekhaya nezasehhotela, iziqandisi zezentengiselwano, imishini yokuwasha izitsha, imishini yokuwasha, amathelevishini namamonitha, imibukiso yezimpawu kanye nama-bulb nezibani. Eminye imikhiqizo iye yafakwa kancane kancane nemithetho yayo yokulebula.
Kubalulekile ukuthi unake Imikhiqizo enelebula elidala ayisakwazi ukuthengiswa Uma izikhathi zokushintsha ezichazwe ngumthethonqubo ngamunye sezidlulile, lokhu kudinga ukuthi abahlinzeki babuyekeze amakhathalogi abo futhi baqinisekise ukuthi abathengi bahlala bebona ulwazi olusekelwe esikalini samanje.
Yiluphi ulwazi oluboniswa ilebula elisha lamandla?
Ilebula yesimanje ayibonisi nje kuphela ikilasi le-AG; ihlanganisa izinto eziningana ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, phezulu kuvela Igama lomhlinzeki noma uphawu lomkhiqizo kanye nemodeliokuvumela ukuthi itholakale ku-EPREL. Eceleni kwayo, isithonjana sesikali se-AG siboniswa ngesigaba somkhiqizo esigqanyisiwe ngokucacile.
Enye yezinguquko ezibonakala kakhulu ukufakwa okuphoqelekile kwe- Ikhodi ye-QR ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudlaNgokuskena ngefoni ephathekayo, umsebenzisi ufinyelela ishidi ledatha le-EPREL, lapho angabona khona amapharamitha abanzi, amabhukwana, imibhalo yobuchwepheshe kanye, ngokuvamile, ulwazi olungalingani nelebula elibonakalayo.
Engxenyeni ephakathi, ilebula ligqamisa ngokucacile ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwedivayisiLeli nani livame ukuvezwa nge-kWh ngonyaka, imijikelezo eyi-100, amahora okusebenza ayi-1000, njll., kuye ngohlobo lomkhiqizo. Leli nani lilinganiselwe ukuqinisekisa ukuqhathanisa okuhle kakhulu phakathi kwamamodeli.
Eziningana ziyavela esigabeni esingezansi. Izithombe ezithile ezifingqa izici ezibalulekileIsibonelo, umthamo womthwalo, izinga lomsindo kuma-decibel, ubude besikhathi sohlelo lwe-Eco, ukugeleza kokukhanya, isigaba somsindo, ivolumu yegumbi, noma olunye ulwazi olufanele leso sigaba. Ezinye izithonjana zigciniwe, ezinye zibuyekeziwe, futhi kudalwa izimpawu ezintsha ukuze zibonise kangcono imisebenzi yamanje yamadivayisi.
Izibopho zabakhiqizi, abangenisa impahla kanye nabasabalalisi
Uma ukhiqiza, ungenisa, noma umelela umenzi wemikhiqizo enelebula lamandla e-EU, kufanele uhambisane nochungechunge lwemithetho. izibopho ezicacile kakhulu ezixhumene nohlelo lwe-EPRELUkungazinaki kungakukhipha emakethe ngokuphelele.
Okokuqala, inkampani kumele Bhalisa inhlangano yakho ne-EPRELLokhu kuhilela ukudala i-akhawunti yokungena ngemvume ye-EU nokuqedela inqubo yokuqinisekisa ubuwena bedijithali, ehlanganisa izisimbozo ze-elekthronikhi kanye nezisayini ezilawulwa yi-eIDAS. Ngaphandle kwalokhu kuqinisekiswa, inhlangano imakwe ngokuthi "ayiqinisekisiwe" futhi ingavinjelwa ekubhaliseni amamodeli.
Uma inkampani isibhalisiwe, kuyimpoqo Bhalisa imodeli ngayinye yomkhiqizo edinga ilebula yamandla ngaphambi kokuthengisa iyunithi yokuqala e-EU. I-EPREL ikhiqiza ngokuzenzakalelayo ilebula yamandla kanye neshidi lolwazi lomkhiqizo, kufaka phakathi ikhodi ye-QR, uma nje umkhiqizo uwela ngaphansi kwezindinganiso zangemva kuka-2019.
Ilebula lamandla kumele ukuze ibekwe ngokusobala endaweni yokuthengisaLokhu kusebenza kokubili ezitolo ezingokoqobo kanye naku-inthanethi. Ngokuthengisa kude, umthengisi angabonisa ilebula eligcwele noma umcibisholo wesigaba samandla eduze kwentengo, njalo enesixhumanisi esicacile selebula eligcwele kanye neshidi ledatha le-EPREL.
Umhlinzeki naye unesibopho sokwenza kanjalo hlinzeka ngemingcele ebalulekile yokukhiqiza ilebula kanye nerekhodikanye nanoma yimiphi imibhalo yobuchwepheshe iziphathimandla zokuqapha imakethe ezingayicela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwazo kokuthobela imithetho. Le mibhalo isetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi olumenyezelwe lunembile nokuthi umkhiqizo uhlangabezana nezimfuneko zokuklama imvelo.
Ukuthengisa ku-inthanethi, amakhodi e-QR kanye nokufinyelela olwazini
Ukwanda kwezentengiselwano ze-e-commerce kusho ukuthi ukulebula amandla kuye kwadingeka kuguquke. Esitolo esiku-inthanethi, ulwazi ngesigaba samandla kanye nokufinyelela ilebula Kumelwe zicace njengasesitolo esibonakalayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzobhekwa njengokwephulwa kwemithethonqubo.
Izinkampani zingakhetha ukulayisha ilebula kanye ishidi lolwazi lomkhiqizo ngqo kwiwebhusayithi yabonoma ngokuxhumanisa nerekhodi elihambisanayo ku-EPREL. Zombili izinketho ziyasebenza, uma nje umthengi enokufinyelela okulula nokuqondile kumadokhumenti nokuthi isigaba samandla sibonakala eduze kwentengo.
Ikhodi ye-QR ephrintiwe kulebula, okwamanje, isiyindlela eqondile yokungena Ukubhaliswa kwe-EPREL yaseYurophu kwemodeli ngayinye ethileUkuskena le khodi kuyindlela elula kakhulu yanoma yimuphi umsebenzisi yokuqhathanisa ulwazi lwezentengiselwano nerekhodi elisemthethweni elibhaliswe neKhomishini.
Indima yezitifiketi ze-elekthronikhi kanye noMthethonqubo we-eIDAS
Ukuze i-EPREL ikwazi ukwethemba ukuthi noma ngubani othi ungumhlinzeki ngempela unguye, incike ohlakeni lwe- Izinsizakalo zokuhlonza nge-elekthronikhi kanye nezinsizakalo zokuthembela ze-eIDAS (Umthethonqubo (i-EU) No 910/2014). Lo mthethonqubo uchaza, phakathi kwezinye izinto, amasignesha e-elekthronikhi afanelekayo kanye nezimpawu ze-elekthronikhi ezifanelekile.
Un Isivalo Esifanelekile Se-elekthronikhi (QESalC) Kuyisilinganiso sedijithali sophawu lwendabuko lwenkampani, kodwa kuneziqinisekiso zomthetho ezithuthukisiwe. Kuyiphuzu ledatha ye-elekthronikhi elinamathiselwe noma elihlotshaniswa nolunye ulwazi ukuqinisekisa imvelaphi nobuqotho balo. Ngamanye amazwi, kuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ivela enhlanganweni esemthethweni ecacisiwe futhi ayikashintshwa selokhu yakhishwa.
Ngomongo we-EPREL, lolu phawu lusetshenziselwa qinisekisa ubuwena obusemthethweni benhlangano obhalisa njengomhlinzeki futhi aqinisekise izenzo ezithile zokuphatha ezenzakalelayo, njengokubhaliswa kwenkampani noma ukubhaliswa kwamafomu. I-EPREL idlulisela lokhu kuqinisekiswa ku Abahlinzeki Bezinsizakalo Ze-Trust Abafanelekayo (QTSP/PCSC), okuyizinhlangano ezigunyaziwe ukukhipha izitifiketi ezifanelekile ngokuhambisana ne-eIDAS.
Kusukela kusihlonzi se-VAT/LEI kuya ku-NTR: izinguquko ezibalulekile ekuqinisekisweni
Isikhathi esithile, izinhlobo ezahlukene zezihlonzi zazivunyelwe ukuhlonza izinkampani ezitifiketini ezifanelekile ezazamukelwa yi-EPREL, njenge I-VAT (inombolo ye-VAT), i-LEI (Isihlonzi Senhlangano Esemthethweni) noma amakhodi angaphakathi njenge-PSD. Kodwa-ke, ulwazi olusebenzayo lubonise ukuthi lokhu kuhlukahluka kwadala ukungahambisani kanye nobunzima bokuqinisekisa phakathi kwamazwe.
Ukuphendula lezi zinkinga, iziqondiso zokuqinisekisa zibuyekeziwe: kusukela ku- Mhla zingama-22 kuMbasa 2025 i-EPREL izokwamukela kuphela izitifiketi zesivikelo se-elekthronikhi ezifanelekile ezifaka isihlonzi se-NTR (National Trade Register)Lesi yisihlonzi esivela kurejista yezentengiselwano kazwelonke noma kwenye irejista yenkampani efanayo.
Lokhu kuphoqe abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo kanye nezinkampani ukuba bazivumelanise nezimo. Izitifiketi ezikhona ezisekelwe kwezinye izihlonzi (i-VAT, i-LEI, njll.) zizosuswa. ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kancane kancane kuze kube ngu-Ephreli 22, 2027, usuku lapho zingeke zisamukelwa khona. Ngakho-ke, zonke izinhlangano ezisebenzisa i-EPREL kumele zibuyekeze izitifiketi zazo futhi bavuselele nge-NTR uma befuna ukuqhubeka nokubhalisa imikhiqizo ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Isihlonzi senkampani saseYurophu esiyingqayizivele (i-EUID), esingaseshwa ezinjinini zokusesha ezifana ne Amarejista Ebhizinisi e-European e-Justice Portal noma ku-Companies Search Engine of the Registrars eSpain, idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlanganiseni ngokungenakuphikiswa inhlangano esemthethweni namarekhodi nezitifiketi zayo.
Isitifiketi se-EPREL: siyini nokuthi ubani osidingayo
Ikholi Isitifiketi se-EPREL Akuyona isitifiketi esiyimfihlakalo esihlukile kwezinye, kodwa uhlobo oluthile lwesitifiketi isitifiketi sophawu lwe-elekthronikhi esifanelekile okuhlangabezana nezidingo ezifunwa yiKhomishini yaseYurophu ukuze isebenze ohlelweni lwe-EPREL.
Lesi sitifiketi sisetshenziselwa ukuhlonza inkampani ngedijithali njengenhlangano esemthethweniukuyivumela ukuthi iqedele ukubhaliswa kwemikhiqizo yayo edinga ilebula lamandla: imishini yokuwasha, imishini yokuwasha izitsha, imishini yokomisa, iziqandisi namafriji, izibonisi zikagesi namathelevishini, amabhalbhu nezibani, imishini yokupholisa umoya nokushisa, amabhoyila, imishini yokushisa yobungcweti, amathayi, njll.
Ngaphandle kwesitifiketi esinjalo, inhlangano izobizwa ngokuthi "umhlinzeki ongaqinisekisiwe" futhi iKhomishini yaseYurophu ingase ukuvimbela ukubhaliswa kwamamodeli amashaEmpeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi inkampani Ngeke ikwazi ukumaketha imikhiqizo enelebula lamandla e-EU, e-EEA noma eNyakatho Ireland aze ahlele isimo sakhe ngendlela efanele.
Yilabo kuphela abangakhipha lolu hlobo lwesitifiketi Abahlinzeki Bezinsizakalo Ze-Trust Abafanelekayo (QTSPs) kuyaqashelwa ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe-eIDAS. Akuwona wonke amazwe angamalungu anabahlinzeki abagunyaziwe bezivalo zikagesi ezifanelekile, okuholele izinkampani ezivela emazweni anjengeDenmark, iSweden noma ngisho ne-United Kingdom (ngaphandle kwe-EU) ukuthi kudingeke zisebenzise abahlinzeki abavela kwamanye amazwe, isibonelo izinhlangano zaseSpain ezikhethekile ezitifiketi ze-EPREL.
Indlela yokuthola isitifiketi se-EPREL esifanelekile
Inqubo yokuthola isitifiketi sophawu lwe-elekthronikhi esifanelekile esifanele i-EPREL ivame ukuhlelwa kahle, yize umhlinzeki ngamunye engase angeze izici zakhe. Ngokuvamile, inkampani kumele ukuqoqa imibhalo efakazela ukuthi ikhona kanye nokumelwa komuntu osebenzela yona (izincwadi zebhizinisi, amarejista ezentengiselwano, amandla ommeli, njll.).
Okulandelayo, isitifiketi sicelwa kumhlinzeki ofanelekayo okhethiwe, owenza i- ukuqinisekiswa kobunikazi bobhalisileLokhu kuya ngokuya kuvama ngezinhlelo zokuhlonza amavidiyo akude ezihlanganiswe nokuhlola okuzenzakalelayo ngokumelene namarekhodi asemthethweni. Uma ukuqinisekiswa sekuqediwe, isitifiketi sikhishwa ngendlela ephephile.
Kulezi zinsuku, kuvamile ukuthi isitifiketi singalethwa ekhadini le-cryptographic noma ithokheni ebonakalayo, kodwa sigcinwe ku- ipulatifomu yesiginesha esekelwe efwini eliphakathi nendawoLezi zixazululo zivumela isitifiketi ukuthi sisetshenziswe kusuka kumadivayisi ahlukene, ngokulawulwa okukhethekile yinkampani kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile (i-MFA, ukugcinwa kwe-HSM, ukulandelelwa kokusetshenziswa, njll.).
Inzuzo yalokhu kukhishwa okusekelwe efwini ukuthi isitifiketi singakwazi uzofakwa emsebenzini ngemva kwamahora ambalwa Uma ukuhlolwa sekuqediwe, asikho isidingo sokuthunyelwa okungokoqobo noma ukufakwa okuyinkimbinkimbi emishinini yamakhasimende. Ezinhlanganweni eziphatha amamodeli amaningi ku-EPREL noma ezibhekana nezinguquko ezivamile kukhathalogi yazo, lobu buchule bungenza umehluko omkhulu.
Inqubo yokubhalisa nokuqinisekisa inhlangano ye-EPREL
Uma umhlinzeki efuna ukuqala ukusebenza e-EPREL, isinyathelo sokuqala yilesi Dala i-akhawunti ye-EU Ngena ngemvumeokuyisistimu yobunikazi bedijithali ye-European Union yokufinyelela izinsizakalo eziningi zezikhungo. Lezi ziqinisekiso zinikeza ukufinyelela ku-portal ye-EPREL futhi ziqala ukudalwa kwe-"EPREL Organisation," emele umhlinzeki ngokusemthethweni.
Ngaleso sikhathi, i-EPREL ifuna ukuthi Nikeza isivalo se-elekthronikhi esifanelekile esikhishwe yi-QTSPlapho i-NTR kanye nolunye ulwazi oluchaza inkampani lushiwo kahle. Lolu phawu lusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlangano ikhona ngempela, ukusungulwa kwayo endaweni ye-EU/EEA noma eNyakatho Ireland, kanye nelungelo lomphathi womhlinzeki lokwenza egameni layo ngaphakathi kohlelo.
Ngalolo lwazi, i-EPREL ingenza ngokuzenzakalelayo isethi yamasheke: Qinisekisa ubuwena obusemthethweni, qinisekisa ukuthi inkampani isungulwe lapho imithethonqubo isho khona.futhi uqinisekise ukuthi iphrofayela yomsebenzisi eqokwe njengoMphathi Womhlinzeki igunyaziwe ngempela ukubhalisa amamodeli. Lonke lolu hlelo lokuqinisekisa luhlose ukunciphisa ingozi yokungena okungagunyaziwe. okuqukethwe okungekho emthethweni noma okukhohlisayo kusizindalwazi.
Ubuqiniso nobuqotho bedatha ku-EPREL
Ukugcizelela kweKhomishini yaseYurophu ekusetshenzisweni kwezivalo zikagesi ezifanelekile akuyona into engacabangeki. Inhloso ikabili: ngakolunye uhlangothi, isiqiniseko sobuqiniso ukuthi idatha yemodeli empeleni ivela enkampanini enesibopho hhayi evela kumuntu wesithathu ozenza yona; ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bolwaziOkusho ukuthi, akukashintshwa phakathi kokukhishwa kanye nokubonisana.
Lezi zinsika ezimbili—ubuqiniso nobuqotho—ziyisisekelo iziphathimandla zokuqapha imakethe kanye nabathengi bangayethemba i-EPRELUma idatha eqoshiwe ingashintshwa ngaphandle kokushiya umkhondo, ilebula lamandla lizolahlekelwa yinani lalo njengethuluzi lokulawula kanye nokubonisa imvelo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwelebula le-EPREL emikhiqizweni ethile: ikesi lezibuko ze-LED
Isibonelo esihle sendlela i-EPREL egcwala ngayo emakethe yilezi: izibuko ezinezibani ze-LEDNakuba ekuqaleni zingase zibonakale njengento elula yokuhlobisa, iqiniso liwukuthi ziyimikhiqizo yokukhanyisa engaphansi kwemithetho yaseYurophu yokulebula amandla kanye nemithombo yokukhanya, uma nje zihlangabezana nezimo ezithile zobuchwepheshe.
Izibuko ze-LED ezithengiswa njenge amayunithi azimele, anomthombo wokukhanya ohlanganisiwe, uxhumano oluqondile kunethiwekhi kagesi kanye namandla angaphezu kuka-0,5 WKumelwe zibhaliswe ne-EPREL futhi zibonise ilebula lamandla ahambisanayo. Umenzi kumele aveze kudatha yokubhalisa njengokusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe konyaka, ukukhanya okukhanyayo, isikhathi sokuphila se-LED, inkomba yokubonisa umbala, izinga lokushisa lombala (elifudumele, elingathathi hlangothi, elipholile) kanye nemininingwane yokulungiswa kanye nokutholakala kwezingxenye ezisele.
Kumthengi, lokhu kusho ukuthi ilebula yamandla yesibuko se-LED ivumela qhathanisa ngokushesha umthelela ebhilini likagesi phakathi kwamamodeli ahlukene. Kumkhiqizo ongase uvulwe imizuzu eminingana ngosuku ezindlini zangasese nasezindaweni zokulungisa izimonyo, ukusuka ekilasini A kuya ku-E kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwesikhathi esimaphakathi.
Empeleni, lokhu kubhala amalebula kusunduza lo mkhakha ukuthi ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokukhanyisaUkusetshenziswa kwesizukulwane sakamuva sama-LED kusabalala kabanzi; izibuko ezihlakaniphile ezilawula ukuqina ngokokusetshenziswa, izinzwa zokuba khona ezivula ukukhanya kuphela uma kudingeka, noma izinto ezibonisa ukukhanya ezithuthukisa ukusatshalaliswa kokukhanya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibuko ezingafinyeleli emikhawulweni ethile yokusebenza kahle okuncane zimane nje Azikwazi ukudayiswa e-EU.
Akuzona zonke izibuko ezikhanyisiwe eziwela ngaphakathi kobubanzi be-EPREL. Isibonelo, okulandelayo akufakiwe: amamodeli asebenza ngamabhethri ashajwayo kuphela ngaphandle kokuxhumeka okuqondile kuma-mainImikhiqizo ethile ihlanganiswe ngendlela engahlukaniseki efenisha, noma leyo esebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya ezimele ene-EPREL yayo. Ngakho-ke, ukungabikho kwelebula lamandla esibukweni se-LED akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi ayihambisani nomthetho: kungase kukhululwe nje ngomklamo.
Ukwenziwa kwedijithali, "amalebula ahlakaniphile" kanye nekusasa lokufaka amalebula
Ukulebula amandla akuhlukanisiwe noshintsho lwedijithali lonke. Imikhakha efana nezimoto, i-IoT, kanye nezindiza ifaka izixazululo ezivela "Ukubhala amalebula okuhlakaniphile"lapho ilebula elilodwa elibonakalayo linikeza ukufinyelela kolwazi oluningi efwini, olungabuyekezwa ngaphandle kokuphrinta kabusha abezindaba.
Kulesi simo, amakhodi e-QR axhunywe ku-EPREL asebenza njengesinyathelo sokuqala sokufinyelela kumalebula ashintshashintshayo: ilebula elingaguquki kumkhiqizo, kodwa idatha ebukhoma kusizindalwazi saseYurophuNgezinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nama-portal aku-inthanethi, abathengi bangabuka amabhukwana, imiyalelo enwetshiwe, idatha yokulungisa, ulwazi lokulungisa nokuvuselela, ngisho nezaziso mayelana nezinguquko zomthetho noma izibuyekezo zokusebenza kahle.
Konke kukhomba ukuthi sibona ukuhlanganiswa okusondelene nakakhulu phakathi kwe-EPREL, izinsizakalo zokusayina ze-elekthronikhi kanye nezinhlelo zolwazi lomkhiqizo eminyakeni ezayo. Njengoba izidingo zokuzinza kanye nokujikeleza ziba nzima, ilebula lamandla cishe lizofaka izinkomba ezengeziwe ezihlobene nokulungiswa, ukuqina, kanye nokuqukethwe okuphinde kwasetshenziswa.
Uhlelo lwe-EPREL, kanye nenhlanganisela yalo ye isizindalwazi somphakathi, ukuqinisekiswa okuqinile komhlinzeki, izitifiketi ezifanelekile, kanye nokulebula okucacile komsebenzisiSekuyisici esiyinhloko esu laseYurophu lokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kwemikhiqizo kagesi neye-elekthronikhi. Ukuqonda ukuthi kusebenza kanjani akusizi nje kuphela izinkampani ukuthi zihambisane nemithethonqubo kahle, kodwa futhi kuvumela abathengi ukuthi benze izinqumo zokuthenga ezinolwazi oluthe xaxa ngokuqhathanisa izilinganiso zamandla, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nokusebenza kwedatha eqondile neqinisekisiwe.
